&kde; software is split into different components, many of which can be built by &kdesrc-build;. Understanding this organization will help you properly select the software modules that you want built. At the lowest level comes the &Qt; library, which is a very powerful, cross-platform toolkit library. &kde; is based on &Qt;, and some of the non-&kde; libraries required by &kde; are also based on &Qt;. &kdesrc-build; can build &Qt;, or use the one already installed on your system if it is a recent enough version. On top of &Qt; are required libraries that are necessary for &kde; software to work. Some of these libraries are not considered part of &kde; itself due to their generic nature, but are still essential to the &kde; Platform. These libraries are collected under a kdesupport module grouping but are not considered part of the Frameworks libraries. On top of these essential libraries come the &kde; Frameworks, sometimes abbreviated as KF5, which are essential libraries for the &kde; Plasma desktop, &kde; Applications, and other third-party software. On top of the Frameworks, come several different things: Third-party applications. These are applications that use the &kde; Frameworks or are designed to run under &kde; Plasma but are not authored by or in association with the &kde; project. Plasma, which is a full workspace desktop environment. This is what users normally see when they log-in to &kde;. The &kde; Application suite. This is a collection of useful software included with the Platform and &plasma; Desktop, grouped into individual modules, including utilities like &dolphin;, games like KSudoku, and productivity software released by &kde; such as &kontact;. Finally, there is a collection of software (also collected in modules) whose development is supported by &kde; resources (such as translation, source control, bug tracking, &etc;) but is not released by &kde; as part of Plasma or the Application suite. These modules are known as Extragear. Selecting which of the possible modules to build is controlled by the configuration file. After the global section is a list of modules to build, bracketed by module ... end module lines. An example entry for a module is shown in . module kdesrc-build-git # Options for this module go here, example: repository kde:kdesrc-build make-options -j4 # Run 4 compiles at a time end module In practice, this module construct is not usually used directly. Instead most modules are specified via module-sets as described below. When using only module entries, &kdesrc-build; builds them in the order you list, and does not attempt to download any other repositories other than what you specify directly. The &kde; source code is decomposed into a great number of relatively small Git-based repositories. To make it easier to manage the large number of repositories involved in any useful &kde;-based install, &kdesrc-build; supports grouping multiple modules and treating the group as a module set. By using a module set, you can quickly declare many Git modules to be downloaded and built, as if you'd typed out a separate module declaration for each one. The repository option is handled specially to setup where each module is downloaded from, and every other option contained in the module set is copied to every module generated in this fashion. global git-repository-base kde-git kde: end global module qt # Options removed for brevity end module module-set kde-support-libs repository kde-git use-modules automoc attica akonadi end module-set # Other modules as necessary... module kdesupport end module In a brief module set is shown. When &kdesrc-build; encounters this module set, it acts as if, for every module given in use-modules, that an individual module has been declared, with its repository equal to the module-set's repository followed immediately by the given module name. In addition, other options can be passed in a module set, which are copied to every new module that is created this way. By using module-set it is possible to quickly declare many Git modules that are all based on the same repository URL. In addition, it is possible to give module-sets a name (as shown in the example), which allows you to quickly refer to the entire group of modules from the command line. The module set support described so far is general to any Git-based modules. For the &kde; Git repositories, &kdesrc-build; includes additional features to make things easier for users and developers. This support is enabled by specifying kde-projects as the repository for the module set. &kdesrc-build; normally only builds the modules you have listed in your configuration file, in the order you list them. But with a kde-projects module set, &kdesrc-build; can do dependency resolution of &kde;-specific modules, and in addition automatically include modules into the build even if only indirectly specified. # Only adds a module for juk (the kde/kdemultimedia/juk repo) module-set juk-set repository kde-projects use-modules juk end module-set # Adds all modules that are in kde/multimedia/*, including juk, # but no other dependencies module-set multimedia-set repository kde-projects use-modules kde/multimedia end module-set # Adds all modules that are in kde/multimedia/*, and all kde-projects # dependencies from outside of kde/kdemultimedia module-set multimedia-deps-set repository kde-projects use-modules kde/multimedia include-dependencies true end module-set # All modules created out of these three module sets are automatically put in # proper dependency order, regardless of the setting for include-dependencies This kde-projects module set construct is the main method of declaring which modules you want to build. All module sets use the repository and use-modules options. kde-projects module sets have a predefined repository value, but other types of module sets also will use the git-repository-base option. &kde;'s Git repositories allow for grouping related Git modules into collections of related modules (e.g. kdegraphics). Git doesn't recognize these groupings, but &kdesrc-build; can understand these groups, using module sets with a repository option set to kde-projects. &kdesrc-build; will recognize that the kde-projects repository requires special handling, and adjust the build process appropriately. Among other things, &kdesrc-build; will: Download the latest module database from the &kde; git archive. Try to find a module with the name given in the module set's use-modules setting in that database. For every module that is found, &kdesrc-build; will lookup the appropriate repository in the database, based upon the branch-group setting in effect. If a repository exists and is active for the branch group, &kdesrc-build; will automatically use that to download or update the source code. In the current database, some module groups not only have a collection of modules, but they also declare their own &git; repository. In these situations &kdesrc-build; will currently prefer the group's &git; repository instead of including the childrens' repositories. The following example shows how to use the &kde; module database to install the Phonon multimedia library. module-set media-support # This option must be kde-projects to use the module database. repository kde-projects # This option chooses what modules to look for in the database. use-modules phonon/phonon phonon-gstreamer phonon-vlc end module-set phonon/phonon is used since (with the current project database) &kdesrc-build; would otherwise have to decide between the group of projects called phonon or the individual project named phonon. Currently &kdesrc-build; would pick the former, which would build many more backends than needed. The following example is perhaps more realistic, and shows a feature only available with the &kde; module database: Building all of the &kde; graphics applications with only a single declaration. module-set kdegraphics # This option must be kde-projects to use the module database. repository kde-projects # This option chooses what modules to look for in the database. use-modules kdegraphics/libs kdegraphics/* end module-set There are two important abilities demonstrated here: &kdesrc-build; allows you to specify modules that are descendents of a given module, without building the parent module, by using the syntax module-name/*. It is actually required in this case since the base module, kdegraphics, is marked as inactive so that it is not accidentally built along with its children modules. Specifying the descendent modules allows &kdesrc-build; to skip around the disabled module. &kdesrc-build; will also not add a given module to the build list more than once. This allows us to manually set kdegraphics/libs to build first, before the rest of kdegraphics, without trying to build kdegraphics/libs twice. This used to be required for proper dependency handling, and today remains a fallback option in case the &kde; project database is missing dependency metadata. You might decide that you'd like to build all programs within a &kde; module grouping except for a given program. For instance, the kdeutils group includes a program named kremotecontrol. If your computer does not have the proper hardware to receive the signals sent by remote controls then you may decide that you'd rather not download, build, and install kremotecontrol every time you update kdeutils. You can achieve this by using the ignore-modules configuration option. On the command line the &cmd-ignore-modules; option does the same thing, but is more convenient for filtering out a module just once. module-set utils repository kde-projects # This option chooses what modules to look for in the database. use-modules kdeutils # This option "subtracts out" modules from the modules chosen by use-modules, above. ignore-modules kremotecontrol end module-set module-set graphics repository kde-projects # This option chooses what modules to look for in the database. use-modules extragear/graphics # This option "subtracts out" modules from the modules chosen by use-modules, above. # In this case, *both* extragear/graphics/kipi-plugins and # extragear/graphics/kipi-plugins/kipi-plugins-docs are ignored ignore-modules extragear/graphics/kipi-plugins end module-set